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French architecture: the church that is not a church

Explore the intriguing story of Sainte-Thérèse-de-l'Enfant-Jésus, the unfinished church in Léojac

The unfinished Sainte- Thérèse-de-l’Enfant-Jésus
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When he was a kid, Luc Corlouër was taken with his uncle in the wee hours of the morning to deliver milk on doorsteps across Tarn-et-Garonne. The road to Léojac, a village of 1,200 people along the way, had them driving on the D70.“Every time we would drive by the church, he would tell a different story as to what happened. There had been a blaze with many deaths. It was bombarded by Germans during the war. It was haunted,” he said.

“I bought a motorbike years later and went on to visit it,” he added.

He eventually became a writer and released two books about it, deciphering what really happened. Mr Corlouër is the expert on the church of Sainte-Thérèse-de-l'Enfant-Jésus, also known as the Église inachevée des Farguettes (unfinished church des Farguettes) because it was never finished.

The vision from the road in 2025 is the same as in Mr Corlouer’s childhood in the 1960s. What lies is a skeleton of concrete, an open-sky roofing framework that is slowly eroding and where ivy and thorns have crept in.

Sainte-Thérèse-de-l'Enfant-Jésus is the story of the delusion of grandeur of l’Abbé Garibaud, a local abbot who wished to gift Léojac with a basilica worthy of its stature, as well as the inexorable fate of churches faced with dechristianization.It was meant to replace the parish of Saint-Symphorien, the 800-year-old building only a hundred metres further away on the D70.

Sainte-Thérèse-de-l'Enfant-Jésus is intricately linked with Saint-Symphorien, the modest church that was given to the village in 1215. It was destroyed, rebuilt several times and expected to be transferred elsewhere countless other times.

The latest such project was reported in 1865. It was to be rebuilt in the town centre of Léojac but the local bishop rejected it. Over the following decades, it became almost a forlorn building.

Enter Garibaud who, four months after being asked to organise masses at Saint- Symphorien in 1927, rounded up locals and stirred their conviction that they needed a new religious building.

It should be a basilica as magnificent as Notre-Dame-du-Rosaire and Sainte-Germaine in Lourdes and Pibrac, west of Toulouse, Abbé Garibaud envisioned. The church deemed it ludicrous.

A tall and charismatic man, Garibaud went on a quest to convince locals they deserved such a building. He spent years selling goodies and set up a parochial tax to raise funds. In 1936, the church cut some slack and hired an engineer with locals for manpower.

The church, which would never reach the status of a basilica, was built from 1937 to August 1938 and interrupted during World War Two.

This is when it gets murkier. Mr Corlouër said that, in essence, Garibaud looked toward Nazi Germany for funds. When the war stopped, locals made him pay the price for collaboration and sidelined it. The church was never to be completed.

“You see over there, above the trees, the tower bell of my unfinished church? This is my penance,” said Garibaud from his retirement house in Montbeton, west of Montauban.

Luc Corlouër

He died in 1950.

It is sometimes compared to the Sagrada Familia, mainly because the basilica is seen as an unfinished work.“Until proven otherwise, it has been under constant construction since 1882 whereas Sainte-Thérèse-de-l'Enfant-Jésus was stopped,” said Mr Corlouër.

“This church has the stamp of an unfinished, unconsecrated church, a church that is not. There is shame, the feeling of having been fooled, failed,” he added.

The story of this church as well as the whereabouts of Garibaud were compiled in

Léojac Autrefois: Le Quercy Autrefois (Le Cormoran, 2019), the first of Mr Corlouër’s books on Léojac.

More than 240 people attended the conference he gave months later and where he revealed a miniature version of the church. During a Q&A, many people shared their personal history, relationships and feelings for Sainte-Thérèse-de-l'Enfant-Jésus. Another book, Léojac d'Antan: Le Quercy Autrefois, was released in December 2020, compiling new information provided by locals.

Driving along the D70 nowadays, people see a brand-new entrance gate and a clean gravel entrance. One sign reads: L’Église Inachevée (The unfinished church)..

Sainte-Thérèse-de-l'Enfant-Jésus was bought by local entrepreneur Laurent Rotiel for €35,000. He said in 2023 that he would spend €200,000 on renovations.

A miniature version of the church

The church, like many around France which are not destroyed, is now used for non-religious events. Many have new functions, including one hosting a gym club. L’Église Inachevée offers a location for corporate events, conferences, seminars and weddings.

A few metres away, the Église de Léojac is still standing. Parishioners continued to go there after World War Two ended, while the church’s arch enemy was visited by urban explorers.

Mr Corlouër sees it as another revengeful sign of history.

Sunday masses were stopped in 2009 but activities continue with the nearby village of Saint-Martial, and prayers and spiritual walks are also held off and on.

The miniature version of what Sainte-Thérèse-de-l'Enfant-Jésus wished to become is open for contemplation. At Église de Léojac!